Par Konvencijas par starptautiskajiem dzelzceļa pārvadājumiem (COTIF) pielikuma grozījumu spēkā stāšanos 10. pants

The specimen shall be rigidly clamped in a horizontal

position so that one half of its length protrudes from the face

of the clamp. The orientation of the specimen shall be such that

the specimen will suffer maximum damage when its free end is

struck by the flat face of a steel bar. The bar shall strike the

specimen so as to cause an impact equivalent to that resulting

from a free vertical drop of 1.4 kg through 1 m. The

lower part of the bar shall be 25 mm in diameter with the

edges rounded off to a radius of (3.0 ± 0.3) mm;

(d) Heat test: The specimen shall

be heated in air to a temperature of 800 °C and held at that

temperature for a period of 10 minutes and shall then be allowed

to cool.

2.2.7.2.3.3.6 Specimens

that comprise or simulate radioactive material enclosed in a

sealed capsule may be excepted from:

(a) The tests prescribed in

2.2.7.2.3.3.5 (a) and (b) provided the mass of the special form

radioactive material:

(i) is less than 200 g and

they are alternatively subjected to the Class 4 impact test

prescribed in ISO 2919:1999 "Radiation protection - Sealed

radioactive sources - General requirements and classification";

(ii) is less than 500 g and

they are alternatively subjected to the Class 5 impact test

prescribed in ISO 2919:1999 "Radiation protection - Sealed

radioactive sources - General requirements and classification";

and

(b) The test prescribed in

2.2.7.2.3.3.5 (d) provided they are alternatively subjected to

the Class 6 temperature test specified in ISO 2919:1999

"Radiation protection - Sealed radioactive sources - General

requirements and classification".

2.2.7.2.3.3.7 For specimens

which comprise or simulate indispersible solid material, a

leaching assessment shall be performed as follows:

(a) The specimen shall be immersed

for 7 days in water at ambient temperature. The volume of water

to be used in the test shall be sufficient to ensure that at the

end of the 7 day test period the free volume of the unabsorbed

and unreacted water remaining shall be at least 10% of the volume

of the solid test sample itself. The water shall have an initial

pH of 6-8 and a maximum conductivity of 1 mS/m at

20 °C;

(b) The water with specimen shall

then be heated to a temperature of (50 ± 5) °C and

maintained at this temperature for 4 hours;

shall then be determined;

(d) The specimen shall then be

kept for at least 7 days in still air at not less than 30 °C

and relative humidity not less than 90%;

(e) The specimen shall then be

immersed in water of the same specification as in (a) above and

the water with the specimen heated to (50 ± 5) °C

and maintained at this temperature for 4 hours;

(f) The activity of the water

shall then be determined.

2.2.7.2.3.3.8 For specimens

which comprise or simulate radioactive material enclosed in a

sealed capsule, either a leaching assessment or a volumetric

leakage assessment shall be performed as follows:

(a) The leaching assessment shall

consist of the following steps:

(i) the specimen shall be immersed

in water at ambient temperature. The water shall have an initial

pH of 6-8 with a maximum conductivity of 1 mS/m at

20 °C;

(ii) the water and specimen shall

be heated to a temperature of (50 ± 5) °C and

maintained at this temperature for 4 hours;

(iii) the activity of the water

shall then be determined;

(iv) the specimen shall then be

kept for at least 7 days in still air at not less than 30 °C

and relative humidity of not less than 90%;

(v) the process in (i), (ii) and

(iii) shall be repeated;

(b) The alternative volumetric

leakage assessment shall comprise any of the tests prescribed in

ISO 9978:1992 "Radiation Protection - Sealed radioactive sources

- Leakage test methods", which are acceptable to the competent

authority.

2.2.7.2.3.4 Low

dispersible radioactive material

2.2.7.2.3.4.1 The design

for low dispersible radioactive material shall require

multilateral approval. Low dispersible radioactive material shall

be such that the total amount of this radioactive material in a

package shall meet the following requirements:

(a) The radiation level at

3 m from the unshielded radioactive material does not exceed

10 mSv/h;

(b) If subjected to the tests

specified in 6.4.20.3 and 6.4.20.4, the airborne release in

gaseous and particulate forms of up to 100 μm aerodynamic

equivalent diameter would not exceed 100 A2. A

separate specimen may be used for each test; and

specified in 2.2.7.2.3.1.4 the activity in the water would not

exceed 100 A2. In the application of this test,

the damaging effects of the tests specified in (b) above shall be

taken into account.

2.2.7.2.3.4.2 Low

dispersible radioactive material shall be tested as follows:

A specimen that comprises or

simulates low dispersible radioactive material shall be subjected

to the enhanced thermal test specified in 6.4.20.3 and the impact

test specified in 6.4.20.4. A different specimen may be used for

each of the tests. Following each test, the specimen shall be

subjected to the leach test specified in 2.2.7.2.3.1.4. After

each test it shall be determined if the applicable requirements

of 2.2.7.2.3.4.1 have been met.

2.2.7.2.3.4.3 Demonstration

of compliance with the performance standards in 2.2.7.2.3.4.1 and

2.2.7.2.3.4.2 shall be in accordance with 6.4.12.1 and

6.4.12.2.

2.2.7.2.3.5

Fissile material

Packages containing fissile

radionuclides shall be classified under the relevant entry of

Table 2.2.7.2.1.1 for fissile material unless one of the

conditions (a) to (d) of this paragraph is met. Only one type of

exception is allowed per consignment.

(a) A mass limit per consignment

such that:

mass of uranium - 235 (g)

mass of other fissile material (g)

< 1

where X and Y are the mass

limits defined in Table 2.2.7.2.3.5, provided that the smallest

external dimension of each package is not less than 10 cm

and that either:

(i) each individual package

contains not more than 15 g of fissile material; for

unpackaged material, this quantity limitation shall apply to the

consignment being carried in or on the wagon; or

(ii) the fissile material is a

homogeneous hydrogenous solution or mixture where the ratio of

fissile nuclides to hydrogen is less than 5% by mass; or

(iii) there are not more than

5 g of fissile material in any 10 litre volume of

material.

Neither beryllium nor deuterium

shall be present in quantities exceeding 1% of the applicable

consignment mass limits provided in Table 2.2.7.2.3.5, except for

deuterium in natural concentration in hydrogen.

(b) Uranium enriched in

uranium-235 to a maximum of 1% by mass, and with a total

plutonium and uranium-233 content not exceeding 1% of the mass of

uranium-235, provided that the fissile material is distributed

essentially homogeneously throughout the material. In addition,

if uranium-235 is present in metallic, oxide or carbide forms, it

shall not form a lattice arrangement;

nitrate enriched in uranium-235 to a maximum of 2% by mass, with

a total plutonium and uranium-233 content not exceeding 0.002% of

the mass of uranium, and with a minimum nitrogen to uranium

atomic ratio (N/U) of 2;

(d) Packages containing,

individually, a total plutonium mass not more than 1 kg, of

which not more than 20% by mass may consist of plutonium-239,

plutonium-241 or any combination of those radionuclides.

Table

2.2.7.2.3.5: Consignment mass limits for exceptions from the

requirements for packages containing fissile material

Fissile

material

Fissile

material mass (g) mixed with substances having an average

hydrogen density less than or equal to water

Fissile

material mass (g) mixed with substances having an average

hydrogen density greater than water

Uranium-235 (X)

400

290

Other fissile material (Y)

250

180

2.2.7.2.4

Classification of packages or unpacked material

The quantity of radioactive

material in a package shall not exceed the relevant limits for

the package type as specified below.

2.2.7.2.4.1

Classification as excepted package

2.2.7.2.4.1.1 Packages may

be classified as excepted packages if:

(a) They are empty packagings

having contained radioactive material;

(b) They contain instruments or

articles in limited quantities;

manufactured of natural uranium, depleted uranium or natural

thorium; or

(d) They contain radioactive

material in limited quantities.

2.2.7.2.4.1.2 A package

containing radioactive material may be classified as an excepted

package, provided that the radiation level at any point on its

external surface does not exceed 5 μSv/h.

Table

2.2.7.2.4.1.2: Activity limits for excepted packages

Physical

state of contents

Instruments or articles

Materials

Item

limits(a)

Package

limits(a)

Package

limits(a)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Solids

special form

10-2

10-3

other form

10-2

10-3

Liquids

10-3

10-1

10-4

Gases

tritium

2 x 10-2

2 x 10-1

2 x 10-2

special form

10-3

10-2

10-3

other form

10-3

10-2

10-3

(a) For mixtures of

radionuclides, see 2.2.7.2.2.4 to 2.2.7.2.2.6.

2.2.7.2.4.1.3 Radioactive

material which is enclosed in or is included as a component part

of an instrument or other manufactured article may be classified

under UN No. 2911 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, EXCEPTED PACKAGE -

INSTRUMENTS or ARTICLES, provided that:

(a) The radiation level at

10 cm from any point on the external surface of any

unpackaged instrument or article is not greater than

0.1 mSv/h; and

(b) Each instrument or

manufactured article bears the marking "RADIOACTIVE" except:

(i) radioluminescent time-pieces

or devices;

(ii) consumer products that either

have received regulatory approval according to 1.7.1.4 (d) or do

not individually exceed the activity limit for an exempt

consignment in Table 2.2.7.2.2.1 (column 5), provided such

products are carried in a package that bears the marking

"RADIOACTIVE" on an internal surface in such a manner that

warning of the presence of radioactive material is visible on

opening the package; and

completely enclosed by non-active components (a device performing

the sole function of containing radioactive material shall not be

considered to be an instrument or manufactured article); and

(d) The limits specified in

columns 2 and 3 of Table 2.2.7.2.4.1.2 are met for each

individual item and each package, respectively.

2.2.7.2.4.1.4 Radioactive

material with an activity not exceeding the limit specified in

column 4 of Table 2.2.7.2.4.1.2, may be classified under UN No.

2910 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, EXCEPTED PACKAGE - LIMITED

QUANTITY OF MATERIAL, provided that:

(a) The package retains its

radioactive contents under routine conditions of carriage;

and

(b) The package bears the marking

"RADIOACTIVE" on an internal surface in such a manner that a

warning of the presence of radioactive material is visible on

opening the package.

2.2.7.2.4.1.5 An empty

packaging which had previously contained radioactive material

with an activity not exceeding the limit specified in column 4 of

Table 2.2.7.2.4.1.2 may be classified under UN No. 2908

RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, EXCEPTED PACKAGE - EMPTY PACKAGING,

provided that:

(a) It is in a well-maintained

condition and securely closed;

(b) The outer surface of any

uranium or thorium in its structure is covered with an inactive

sheath made of metal or some other substantial material;

non-fixed contamination, when averaged over any

300 cm2, does not exceed:

(i) 400 Bq/cm2 for

beta and gamma emitters and low toxicity alpha emitters; and

(ii) 40 Bq/cm2 for

all other alpha emitters; and

(d) Any labels which may have been

displayed on it in conformity with 5.2.2.1.11.1 are no longer

visible.

2.2.7.2.4.1.6 Articles

manufactured of natural uranium, depleted uranium or natural

thorium and articles in which the sole radioactive material is

unirradiated natural uranium, unirradiated depleted uranium or

unirradiated natural thorium may be classified under UN No. 2909

RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, EXCEPTED PACKAGE - ARTICLES MANUFACTURED

FROM NATURAL URANIUM or DEPLETED URANIUM or NATURAL THORIUM,

provided that the outer surface of the uranium or thorium is

enclosed in an inactive sheath made of metal or some other

substantial material.

2.2.7.2.4.2

Classification as Low specific activity (LSA) material

Radioactive material may only be

classified as LSA material if the conditions of 2.2.7.2.3.1 and

4.1.9.2 are met.

2.2.7.2.4.3

Classification as Surface contaminated object (SCO)

Radioactive material may be

classified as SCO if the conditions of 2.2.7.2.3.2 and 4.1.9.2

are met.

2.2.7.2.4.4

Classification as Type A package

Packages containing radioactive

material may be classified as Type A packages, provided that the

following conditions are met:

Type A packages shall not contain

activities greater than the following:

(a) For special form radioactive

material: A1; or

(b) For all other radioactive

material: A2.

For mixtures of radionuclides

whose identities and respective activities are known, the

following condition shall apply to the radioactive contents of a

Type A package:

∑i

B(i)

∑j

C(j)

≤1

A1(i)

A2(j)

where

B(i) is the activity of

radionuclide i as special form radioactive material;

A1(i) is the

A1 value for radionuclide i;

C(j) is the activity of

radionuclide j as other than special form radioactive material;

and

A2(j) is the

A2 value for radionuclide j.

2.2.7.2.4.5

Classification of Uranium hexafluoride

Uranium hexafluoride shall only be

assigned to UN Nos. 2977 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, URANIUM

HEXAFLUORIDE, FISSILE, or 2978 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, URANIUM

HEXAFLUORIDE, non-fissile or fissile-excepted.

2.2.7.2.4.5.1 Packages

containing uranium hexafluoride shall not contain:

(a) A mass of uranium hexafluoride

different from that authorized for the package design;

(b) A mass of uranium hexafluoride

greater than a value that would lead to an ullage smaller than 5%

at the maximum temperature of the package as specified for the

plant systems where the package shall be used; or

than in solid form or at an internal pressure above atmospheric

pressure when presented for carriage.

2.2.7.2.4.6

Classification as Type B(U), Type B(M) or Type C packages

2.2.7.2.4.6.1 Packages not

otherwise classified in 2.2.7.2.4 (2.2.7.2.4.1 to 2.2.7.2.4.5)

shall be classified in accordance with the competent authority

approval certificate for the package issued by the country of

origin of design.

2.2.7.2.4.6.2 A package may

only be classified as a Type B(U) if it does not contain:

(a) Activities greater than those

authorized for the package design;

(b) Radionuclides different from

those authorized for the package design; or

physical or chemical state different from those authorized for

the package design;

as specified in the certificate of

approval.

2.2.7.2.4.6.3 A package may

only be classified as a Type B(M) if it does not contain:

(a) Activities greater than those

authorized for the package design;

(b) Radionuclides different from

those authorized for the package design; or

physical or chemical state different from those authorized for

the package design;

as specified in the certificate of

approval.

2.2.7.2.4.6.4 A package may

only be classified as a Type C if it does not contain:

(a) Activities greater than those

authorized for the package design;

(b) Radionuclides different from

those authorized for the package design; or

physical or chemical state different from those authorized for

the package design;

as specified in the certificate of

approval.

2.2.7.2.5

Special arrangements

Radioactive material shall be

classified as transported under special arrangement when it is

intended to be carried in accordance with 1.7.4."

Section

2.2.8

Footnotes 8 to 10 become 7 to

2.2.8.1.6 (c) In the first

sentence of the second indent, replace "corrosion rate on steel"

with:

"corrosion rate on either

steel".

At the end of the first sentence

of the second indent, insert:

"when tested on both

materials".

Add a new note at the end to read

as follows:

"NOTE: Where an initial

test on either steel or aluminium indicates the substance being

tested is corrosive the follow up test on the other metal is not

required."

Section

2.2.9

2.2.9.1.7 Insert the

following new first sentence:

"The term "lithium battery" covers

all cells and batteries containing lithium in any form."

At the beginning of the second

sentence (current first sentence), replace "Lithium cells and

batteries" with:

"They".

2.2.9.1.9 Amend to read as

follows:

"2.2.9.1.9 (Deleted)".

Delete the preceding title

("Environmentally hazardous substances").

2.2.9.1.10 Amend to read as

follows:

"2.2.9.1.10 Environmentally

hazardous substances (aquatic environment)

2.2.9.1.10.1

General definitions

2.2.9.1.10.1.1

Environmentally hazardous substances include, inter alia, liquid

or solid substances pollutant to the aquatic environment and

solutions and mixtures of such substances (such as preparations

and wastes).

For the purposes of

2.2.9.1.10,

"substance" means chemical

elements and their compounds in the natural state or obtained by

any production process, including any additive necessary to

preserve the stability of the product and any impurities deriving

from the process used, but excluding any solvent which may be

separated without affecting the stability of the substance or

changing its composition.

2.2.9.1.10.1.2 The aquatic

environment may be considered in terms of the aquatic organisms

that live in the water, and the aquatic ecosystem of which they

are part10. The basis, therefore, of the

identification of hazard is the aquatic toxicity of the substance

or mixture, although this may be modified by further information

on the de gradation and bioaccumulation behaviour.

10 This does not

address aquatic pollutants for which there may be a need to

consider effects beyond the aquatic environment such as the

impacts on human health etc.

2.2.9.1.10.1.3 While the

following classification procedure is intended to apply to all

substances and mixtures, it is recognised that in some cases,

e.g. metals or poorly soluble inorganic compounds, special

guidance will be necessary11.

11 This can be found in

Annex 10 of the GHS.

2.2.9.1.10.1.4 The

following definitions apply for acronyms or terms used in this

section:

- BCF: Bioconcentration

Factor;

- BOD: Biochemical Oxygen

Demand;

- COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand;

- GLP: Good Laboratory

Practices;

- EC50: the effective

concentration of substance that causes 50% of the maximum

response;

- ErC50:

EC50 in terms of reduction of growth;

- Kow: octanol/water

partition coefficient;

- LC50 (50% lethal

concentration):

the concentration of a substance

in water which causes the death of 50% (one half) in a group of

test animals;

- L(E)C50:

LC50 or EC50;

- NOEC: No Observed Effect

Concentration;

- OECD Test Guidelines: Test

guidelines published by the Organization for Economic Cooperation

and Development (OECD).

2.2.9.1.10.2

Definitions and data requirements

2.2.9.1.10.2.1 The basic

elements for classification of environmentally hazardous

substances (aquatic environment) are:

- Acute aquatic toxicity;

- Potential for or actual

bioaccumulation;

- Degradation (biotic or abiotic)

for organic chemicals; and

- Chronic aquatic toxicity.

2.2.9.1.10.2.2 While data

from internationally harmonised test methods are preferred, in

practice, data from national methods may also be used where they

are considered as equivalent. In general, it has been agreed that

freshwater and marine species toxicity data can be considered as

equivalent data and are preferably to be derived using OECD Test

Guidelines or equivalent according to the principles of Good

Laboratory Practices (GLP). Where such data are not available,

classification shall be based on the best available data.

2.2.9.1.10.2.3 Acute aquatic

toxicity shall normally be determined using a fish 96 hour

LC50 (OECD Test Guideline 203 or equivalent), a

crustacea species 48 hour EC50 (OECD Test Guideline

202 or equivalent) and/or an algal species 72 or 96 hour

EC50 (OECD Test Guideline 201 or equivalent). These

species are considered as surrogate for all aquatic organisms and

data on other species such as Lemna may also be considered if the

test methodology is suitable.

2.2.9.1.10.2.4

Bioaccumulation means net result of uptake, transformation

and elimination of a substance in an organism due to all routes

of exposure (i.e. air, water, sediment/soil and food).

The potential for

bioaccumulation shall normally be determined by using the

octanol/water partition coefficient, usually reported as a log

Kow determined according to OECD Test Guideline 107 or